Some other religions teach "God is everywhere." This is actually called
"pantheism" and it is the opposite of our belief system in Islam. Allah tells
us clearly there is nothing, anywhere in the universe like Him similar to his
likeness, nor is He ever in His creation.
He tells us in the Quran He created the universe in six "yawm" (days or
periods of time) and then He "astawah 'ala al Arsh" (rose up, above His
Throne). He is there (above His Throne) and will remain there until the
End Times.
Allah has such complete Knowledge as to be able to Know all things past,
present and future in all places at exactly the same time. The same can
be said for His absolute Hearing and Seeing. In this way, His Knowledge,
His Hearing, His Sight are everywhere simultaneously.
In this regard, the prophet Muhammad, peace be upon him, told us He is as
close to us as our jugular vein. He also explained Allah "with us" when we
are in sincere worship to Him and in times of need. Naturally, this would not
compromise His existance outside of His creation.
The Quran offers us a more detailed understanding of Where (and Who) Allah is.
[Holy Quran 7:54]
"Indeed, your Lord is Allah, Who created the heavens and the earth in six yaum (days or periods of time), and then He Istawa (rose above), His Throne, disposing the affair of everything. No intercessor (can plead with Him) except by His Permission. This is Allah, your Lord, so worship Him. Won't you then remember?" [Holy Quran 10:3]
And He it is Who created the heavens and the earth in six yaum (days or periods of time), and then He Istawa (rose above) His Throne, in that He would test you as to which of you is the best in deeds. But if you say to them: "You certainly are going to be raised up after death," those who disbelieve would be sure to say, "This is nothing but obvious magic."
[Holy Quran 11:7]
Who created the heavens and the earth in six yaum (days or periods of time), and then He Istawa (rose above) His Throne. The Most Beneficent! Ask Him, as He is Al-Khabir (The All-Knower of everything).
[Holy Quran 25:59]
Who created the heavens and the earth in six yaum (days or periods of time), and then He Istawa (rose above) His Throne. You (mankind) have none, besides Him, as a Wali (protector or helper etc.) or an intercessor. Won't you then remember (accepting admonishment)?
[Holy Quran 32:4]
And indeed We (Allah uses the word "We" in the royal sense like the king who says, "We decree the following...", this is not in the plural) created the heavens and the earth and everything in between in six days and fatigue never touched Us (again, this is the royal "Us" not plural).
[Holy Quran 50:38]
He is the One Who created the heavens and the earth in six yaum (days or periods of time), and then He Istawa (rose above) His Throne. He knows what goes into the earth and what comes forth from it, what descends from the heaven and what ascends up to it. And He is with you (by His Knowledge) wheresoever you may be. And Allah is the All-Seer of what you do.
[Holy Quran 57:4]
We observe from these statements a very logical approach to understanding the nature of God without comparing Him to creation or putting Him in His creation.
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